Mri of the knee in asymptomatic adolescent swimmers. This page presents a comprehensive series of labeled axial, sagittal and coronal images from a normal human brain magnetic resonance imaging exam. The images can be stored on a computer or printed on film. Many excellent texts and atlases have been written to serve this. Offers, for the first time, equations and their explanations and scan tips. Pdf magnetic resonance imaging of variants of the knee. Your doctor may order an mri scan if they suspect any abnormalities within your knee joint. Becoming familiar with the anatomy of this region can improve ones ability to detect subtle.
Primary and secondary bone and soft tissue tumors 3. It works by emitting magnetic waves that bounce off tissue, bones, and organs in different ways. Normal mr imaging anatomy of the knee saifuddin vohra, do, george arnold, md, shashin doshi, md, david marcantonio, md there are several keys to successfully interpreting mr imaging examinations. To evaluate effectively an mri examination of a particular joint or region in the musculoskeletal system, it is essential to have at least a basic understanding of the normal mri anatomy of that region. Outline coils, patient positioning acquisition parameters, planes and pulse sequences knee arthrography normal anatomy. Helms, md the posterolateral corner of the knee represents a complicated area of anatomy and function. Injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament, meniscus and rotator cuff tears are all easily diagnosed when there is a firm understanding and knowledge of human anatomy. From the chief of msk radiology, stanford university. Mri of the knee j swart office of continuing medical. Injuries to the posterolateral corner structures of the knee can cause significant disability due to instability, cartilage degeneration, and cruciate graft failure. Welcome to the hitachi medical systems america, inc. Webmds knee anatomy page provides a detailed image and definition of the knee and its parts including ligaments, bones, and muscles.
Nov 21, 2016 you get the mri early if patient has locked knee, means. A guide to evaluation and reporting is a wellwritten, uptodate book covering all imaging aspects of magnetic resonance mr imaging of the knee joint. Normal anatomy of the knee ligaments, pathologic conditions, and postsurgical appearances of the anterior cruci. This webpage presents the anatomical structures found on knee mri. Magnetic resonance imaging of the knee dr benjamin domb.
Become an expert musculoskeletal mri reader as your progress through the basics of anatomy and protocols on mri. Even though paul segond first described a fibrous and resistant fibrous band inserting into the anterolateral avulsion fracture of the tibia in the 19th century, never before have so many studies with regard to the anterolateral knee structures been performed. Stanford msk mri atlas illustration by kate stevens atlas. Many static and dynamic internal derangements of the patellofemoral joint in these patients lead to various secondary mri findings. Use the mouse scroll wheel to move the images up and down alternatively use the tiny arrows on both side of the image to move the images. Initially, constructing a solid foundation consisting of a good understanding of basic mr imaging principles and imaging protocols as well as the. Contents upper extremity page shoulder elbow wrist finger thumb lower extremity hip pelvis thigh knee. It is typically used to help diagnose or evaluate pain, weakness, swelling or bleeding in and around the joint. Comparison of isotropicresolution 3d and conventional 2d fast spinecho sequences at 3 t. Click on a link to get t1 coronal view t2fatsat axial view t2fatsat coronal view t2fatsat sagittal view. Mri books mri courses mri education from mri in practice. Stability of the joint is governed by a combination of static ligaments, dynamic muscular forces, meniscocapsular aponeurosis, bony topography, and joint load. Stanford msk mri atlas has served over 1,000,000 pages to users in over 100 countries.
Robert laprade discusses how to read an mri of a normal knee. Superiorly, it extends to the level of the crossing of the biceps. Magnetic resonance imaging of the knee and correlation with. Jennifer swart has no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose. The test helps your doctor visualize the anatomy of your knee to determine the possible cause of your. Mri of the knee may be indicated to further clarify and stage conditions diagnosed clinically andor suggested by other imaging modalities, including, but not limited to. This article focuses on how to systematically approach. Knowing the anatomy and the normal signal in mri of the different structures of the knee. Background the knee is a complexed articulation characterized by the presence of ligamentous and. Most of the previous reports have used mri to evaluate knee joint abnormalities of asymptomatic athletes in different sport modalities, such as soccer, basketball and gymnastic. Normal anatomy and biomechanics of the knee fred flandry, md, facsw and gabriel hommel, md abstract. Now with a greater focus on the physics behind mri. Presented in full color, with additional illustrations and highquality mri images to aid understanding.
Each of the wellthoughtout chapters begins with normal anatomy and normal mr imaging findings. Each of the 11 chapters follows a similar format, which makes initial reading as well as followup reference manageable. Flair mri scan 8 demonstrating the view just left of midline 3 5 ontal lobe 2. Functionally, the knee comprises 2 articulationsthe patellofemoral and tibiofemoral. Failure to recognize injury to the posterolateral structures in the acute setting can result in longterm disability. The authors goals were to provide a standardized evaluation and reporting of knee mr imaging. Three conventional mri planes that are utilized to evaluate the knee include sagittal oblique, coronal, and transaxial planes. A knee mri magnetic resonance imaging scan uses energy from strong magnets to create pictures of the knee joint and muscles and tissues. The images can be stored on a computer or printed on. These waves are then translated into images we can use for diagnosis. An overview of anatomy and imaging of the anterolateral.
Wrist finger thumb lower extremity hip pelvis thigh knee. How to read an mri of a normal knee anatomy of the knee. Mri of the knee a guide to evaluation and reporting. Relevant anatomy sagittal imaging plane prescribe sagittal plane off axial images with line parallel to bony glenoid. Diagnosing knee injury with an mri verywell health. Magnetic resonance imaging mri is a technology often used to investigate the sources of knee problems. Highresolution magnetic resonance imaging of the knee joint ajr. Magnetic resonance imaging mri knee magnetic resonance imaging mri of the knee uses a powerful magnetic field, radio waves and a computer to produce detailed pictures of the structures within the knee joint. The fclbiceps femoris bursa is found lateral to the distal fcl, and insinuates anterior and anteromedial in relation to this ligament. Background the knee is a complexed articulation characterized by the presence of. The knee joint is a modified hinge joint between the femur, tibia and patella.
Because of its excellent softtissue contrast, magnetic resonance imaging mri has proven very useful for identifying these important structures. Pdf magnetic resonance imaging has become the imaging modality of choice for evaluation of. Relevant anatomy humeral head bony glenoid clavicle. It is the largest synovial joint in the body and allows flexion and extension of the leg as well as some rotation in the flexed position. Tools in msk imaging t1w1 t2w1 fat sat t1 stir fat sat t2 gadolinium studies mr arthrography 5. This mri brain cross sectional anatomy tool is absolutely free to use. Anatomy of the knee can be complicated and hard to understand. Each chapter concludes with a summary, presented in a bulleted for. This mri brain crosssectional anatomy tool serves as a reference atlas to guide radiologists and researchers in the accurate identification of the brain structures. The mr images are uptodate, well labeled, and pertinent to todays imaging practice. Knee pathology meniscal pathology ligament injury cartilage lesions bony and tendinous lesions. Many excellent texts and atlases have been written to serve this need for clinicians and radiologists. The inferior lateral genicular artery courses between the fcl and the popliteus tendon.
For a knee mri, youll go in feetfirst, and only your lower body will be in the tube. This is followed by a detailed description of abnormal imaging findings as well as postoperative findings. This book is well organized and is equally well structured. More cases are included in the part ii video and on use chrome or firefox. You get the mri early if patient has locked knee, means. To the best of our knowledge, no study has evaluated mri abnormalities of knee. Knowing major anatomical variations and technical artifact that may false images of meniscal and ligamentous injuries.
Click on a link to get t1 coronal view t2fatsat axial view t2fatsat coronal view. The authors intended audience is radiology residents, musculoskeletal fellows, and staff radiologists both. Magnetic resonance imaging is particularly well suited for the medical evaluation of the musculoskeletal msk system including the knee, shoulder, ankle, wrist and elbow. This book is divided into chapters that cover mri of all structures of the knee joint in. Musculoskeletal radiology south texas radiology group financial disclosure dr. Normal radiographic anatomy of the knee radiology case.
This mri knee coronal cross sectional anatomy tool is absolutely free to use. An mri of the knee of a healthy subject was performed in the 3 planes of space coronal, axial, sagittal commonly used in osteoarticular imaging, with two weightings most commonly used to explore the musculoskeletal pathology of the knee. While a detailed explanation of mri protocols and mr physics is beyond the scope of this text, fast spin echo fse mri is most commonly utilized for mri of the knee. Knee pain in young patients is a common indication for knee mri. Through the use of magnetic resonance imaging, clinicians can diagnose ligament and meniscal injuries along with identifying cartilage defects, bone fractures and bruises. Expect to hold still for around 15 to 45 minutes, sometimes longer, while the machine makes images of your knee.